property
voluntary alienation
Voluntary alienation is the transfer of title to real property by the owner's own choice, during life or at death. During life it occurs through a sale or gift by deed; at death it occurs through a will. It contrasts with involuntary alienation, in which title passes without the owner's consent, such as by foreclosure, eminent domain, adverse possession, or escheat.
- Exam tip
- Deeds and wills are voluntary; foreclosure, condemnation, adverse possession, and escheat are involuntary. Intestate succession is generally treated as transfer by law, not voluntary.
- Example
- A homeowner signs a deed giving her cabin to her nephew as a gift, a voluntary alienation of title.
Related terms & state variants
Sources
Source verification pending. Confirm current requirements with your state regulator.
Last verified: 2026-10-23