law

caveat emptor

Caveat emptor is Latin for "let the buyer beware." Under this traditional doctrine, the buyer is responsible for inspecting the property and discovering its defects, and the seller has little duty to disclose. Modern law has greatly weakened the doctrine: many states require seller disclosure forms, and licensees generally must disclose known material facts and cannot hide latent defects. How much it still applies varies by state.

Exam tip
Caveat emptor never protects fraud or active concealment. Licensees must still disclose known material defects even where the doctrine is applied.
Example
A seller paints over a water stain to hide a leak; caveat emptor will not protect the seller from a claim of concealment.

Related terms & state variants

Sources

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Last verified: 2026-10-23