1. A listing where the seller may sell themselves without owing commission, but only the listing broker among agents is protected, is:
Answer & explanation
Answer: B. In an exclusive agency listing, the seller pays no commission on a self-sale, but the listing broker is protected if any broker sells it. (Reclassified to section 6 / CORE.)
2. Under the Arizona Fair Housing Act, an aggrieved person may file a civil lawsuit within what period after the discriminatory practice ended?
Answer & explanation
Answer: C. A.R.S. §41-1491.31(A) permits a civil action within two years after the occurrence or termination of the alleged discriminatory practice. Time spent on an administrative proceeding is not counted.
3. Inducing owners to sell by suggesting people of a protected class are moving in is:
Answer & explanation
Answer: D. Blockbusting (panic peddling) is illegal under the Fair Housing Act.
4. A lender's refusal to make loans in certain neighborhoods based on demographics is:
Answer & explanation
Answer: A. Redlining is denying loans or services to areas based on protected characteristics rather than the borrower's qualifications.
5. Refusing to rent to a family with children generally violates which protected class?
Answer & explanation
Answer: B. Familial status (households with children under 18, pregnant women) is protected under the federal Fair Housing Act. Marital status is protected under NJ LAD but not federal law.
6. A tenant who uses a wheelchair asks to install grab bars in the bathroom. Under the Arizona Fair Housing Act, the landlord:
Answer & explanation
Answer: B. A.R.S. §41-1491.19 defines discrimination to include refusing reasonable modifications at the disabled person's expense. For rentals, the landlord may condition permission on restoring the interior to its prior condition where reasonable.
7. A developer's ads for a new subdivision always show only people of one race. This may be:
Answer & explanation
Answer: A. Consistently depicting only one race, sex or family type can indicate a preference and violate fair housing advertising rules.
8. An aggrieved person must file an administrative fair housing complaint with the Arizona Attorney General within what time after the discriminatory practice occurred or ended?
Answer & explanation
Answer: C. A.R.S. §41-1491.22(C) requires the complaint within one year after the practice occurred or terminated, whichever is later. Two years is the deadline for a private civil action.
9. Which is a protected class under the Arizona Fair Housing Act?
Answer & explanation
Answer: A. The Arizona Fair Housing Act protects race, color, religion, sex, familial status, national origin, and disability, mirroring federal law. Source of income, age, and marital status are not state-level protected classes.
10. Which practice best helps an Arizona property management brokerage avoid fair housing claims during tenant screening?
Answer & explanation
Answer: D. Uniform written criteria applied consistently to all applicants reduce disparate treatment risk. Asking about protected characteristics, or selectively screening, invites claims.
11. Which Article of the NAR Code of Ethics requires REALTORS not to deny equal professional services or discriminate on protected characteristics?
Answer & explanation
Answer: B. Article 10 addresses equal professional services and fair housing. Article 1 covers duties to clients, Article 3 cooperation and Article 17 arbitration.
12. Directing buyers toward or away from neighborhoods based on protected class is:
Answer & explanation
Answer: D. Steering is illegally guiding people to or from areas based on a protected characteristic. Blockbusting induces panic selling; redlining is a lending practice.
13. A building has a no-pets policy. An applicant who is blind has a guide dog. The property manager must:
Answer & explanation
Answer: B. Fair housing law requires reasonable accommodations for persons with disabilities, including service animals despite no-pet rules.
14. The Equal Credit Opportunity Act prohibits lenders from discriminating on the basis of all of the following EXCEPT:
Answer & explanation
Answer: A. ECOA protects race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age and receipt of public assistance. Creditworthiness factors such as credit history may be considered.
15. The federal Fair Housing Act (1968) protects all of the following EXCEPT:
Answer & explanation
Answer: C. Federal protected classes: race, color, religion, national origin, sex, disability and familial status - not occupation.
16. A landlord raises the rent of a tenant who helped a neighbor file a fair housing complaint. Under the Arizona Fair Housing Act this is:
Answer & explanation
Answer: D. The Arizona Fair Housing Act prohibits coercion, intimidation, threats, or interference with anyone who exercised fair housing rights or aided others in doing so. Proper notice does not cure a retaliatory motive.
17. A person who believes she suffered housing discrimination under the federal Fair Housing Act may file a complaint with HUD within:
Answer & explanation
Answer: C. HUD complaints must be filed within one year; a federal civil suit may be filed within two years.
18. Which agency investigates complaints under the Arizona Fair Housing Act?
Answer & explanation
Answer: A. The Civil Rights Division of the Arizona Attorney General's Office enforces the state fair housing law. ADRE may separately discipline a licensee, but it does not adjudicate fair housing complaints.
19. A religious organization operating housing for non-commercial purposes may give preference to members of its own religion, but it may NOT:
Answer & explanation
Answer: A. Religious organizations and private clubs have partial exemptions, but cannot discriminate on other protected classes, and the religion itself cannot restrict membership by race, color or national origin.
20. A private individual selling her own single-family home may be exempt from the federal Fair Housing Act if she owns no more than three homes and:
Answer & explanation
Answer: C. The single-family owner exemption requires no broker and no discriminatory advertising. Race discrimination is never exempt under the 1866 Civil Rights Act.
21. The 'Mrs. Murphy' exemption under the federal Fair Housing Act applies to an owner who:
Answer & explanation
Answer: C. The exemption covers owner-occupied 1-4 unit buildings rented without a broker and never permits discriminatory advertising.
22. Under the Housing for Older Persons Act, a '55 and older' community generally requires that:
Answer & explanation
Answer: A. 55+ housing requires at least 80% of occupied units to have one resident 55+; 62+ housing requires all residents to be 62+. The exemption applies only to familial status.
23. An Arizona salesperson has completed 3 hours each in Agency Law, Contract Law, Commissioner's Standards, Fair Housing, and Disclosure, plus 9 hours of General Real Estate. What must she still complete to renew?
Answer & explanation
Answer: C. She has 15 + 9 = 24 hours, but she is missing the required 3-hour minimum in Real Estate Legal Issues. Every one of the six mandatory categories must be met; elective hours cannot substitute. The Broker Management Clinic applies to designated brokers.
24. Which phrase in an Arizona rental ad is most likely to violate fair housing law?
Answer & explanation
Answer: C. Ads may not indicate a preference based on a protected class. 'Christian' signals religious preference and 'couple' can signal familial status preference. Describing property features is lawful.
25. A licensee lists a home in Phoenix. Which statement best describes the protected classes the licensee must observe?
Answer & explanation
Answer: A. Several Arizona cities, including Phoenix, add protected classes by local ordinance. A licensee must follow the most protective applicable law.
Sources
Source verification pending. Confirm current requirements with your state regulator.